Fuse for projectiles



l sept. 1s, 1934. H, H, ZQRNIG 1,973,738

FUSE FOR PROJECTILES Filed May 6, 1953 INVENTbR. Hermann H ZEN-Lig BY'M// iff/M A TTORNEY 40 arming device. Y

-having A-f`a"cylindricalbody Wall 12 and-'a reduced y Wife; 41 :fitting annular r-gro0vef42-1-invthe Patented Sept. 18, 1934 YSE,FortPROJECTILES Hermannilg." zornig; Nevvliall; Iovva ApplicatinMay 6,'1933,.sera1"No. 669,665 fascisme. (o1. `rc2- 39) 'The invention described herein-maybe manufactured" and 'usedlby' or for the Government' for governmental purposes, :Without thefpayment Ato -'line .of any `royalty thereon.

* The subject of this invention is vafuse for projectiles.

The principal object of the invention is to pro- *vide' a novel 'arming device Whoselmovement to irleased.' position is initiated on set-back and 510 completed through the action of centrifugal force 'duerto the'rotationfof theprojectilewhile the fforce'of setback is-still operative.` Y

`rAccordingly a' fuse may be made which can -be armedf-at thev very llovv Asetback' forces and rotation developed with the small 'propelling charges "inhowitzer's and rnortars and stillzbe safe in -handlingand transportation because of the' practical impossibilities of obtaining under these conditions the application of the forces of-setback fandfrotation in the sequence required'to move the mechanism .into the armed position.

'Another' objectv is to 'arrange thearming device `vasl a self `contained runit so that itmay be Areadily "assembled't'oa fuse.

JWith the foregoing :and'- other objects rView, ffthe` inventionresides in f the novel arrangement and'f'combination of parts Aand fin the -details of construction hereinafter'described and claimed, it f beingv understood thatchanges in` the precise *T 'embodiment of thev 'invention l*herein disclosed i' may -be'made Withinvr therscopefof whatis' claimed Without departing from` the spirit' ofV the inven- "tiozi.'A x1 1 Y Apractcal embodiment of the invention is illus- 1 y35 tratedsin `thel accompanying "drawing, wherein:

"Fig. lisa'lon'g'itudina-l sectional vievv'of a fuse showingethe armingdevice unit inside elevation.

Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 arefviews in longitudinal-section showing 'variousfpositions assumed loythe Referringto'l'ig -1 there is shown a'fusebody -`comprising a base -5' havingfa rreducedfrearportion "6 adapted toibe threadeolly attached to a projectile and a reduced front portionr'li adapted to 'threadr4'5 edly'mount a fuse head 8 lcarrying Va striker 9 'in :its nose. The base5-andj8 are formed with recesses or chambersyrespectively1101 and 11,v which are l communication and receive Vthe ring v1niechanisrrr-unit`shown in'Figs: 2 to -5.V

'Referring tol-Fig.^r2 the unit comprises a casing cylindrical neck '13 joined by 'anoisetincluding an inclined portion mandafatportion -15 whose rfunctions At'vill "appear v'-hereinafter. -The casing `-'55 Yincludes lafbottom. lhaving a'centraL'inturned,

ltield'against removalY by means of a sleeve 28f's1-idclosure 'for' thef container. v

tubularlii-angel. Y.'Atube 18 is inserted-'through A the-flange" l'fwith its innerl portion-substantially coextensive with: the-body- 12 of the casing vaudits l outer Y projecting portion adapted to iit in fthe recess 10 'fof the base 5 'which *aids lin `holding Iit 60 inthe assembled position. The'outer portion of thetube carries a primer 19-adapted to be'setoi v'by'a firing pin whosestem 20 passes through rthe inner portion of the tube fand through an faperture'21V in va Vdiaphragmf'22.

FA spring-23 seatedon the diaphragm acts lonfa .guidefcollar 24 on the ringpin and normally holds" the point of the iiring` `pinfavvay from? Ithe primer. :A head 25 on the iiring pinyf substan- Ptially` thesame external diameterfasthetube 18, is-iheldagainst the floorf26'fof" the head-8 and in position to be engaged by the striker l9'through the action'of the spring23. r*Afplurality of'blocks 27-27; embrace the stem ofthe flringpin and are f'inteiposedfbetweenl the head'25 and-'the rim fof the tube: l18. The lblocks serve, until they are`re` moved, `f to positively 1 `prevent actuation k'of 'the @firing pin.

'Referring-toFigB the blocks- 2'7 arenormally '-80 ably mounted on the end of the tube 118. "The sleeve'is formed with a 'collar 29 iittinglwithinthe neck f13and'in' thenormar-unarmed conditionof the mechanism, as shown 'inf-Fig. VA'2,' tormingffa l l Mounted/Within the'cylindri'cal'fwall 12i'of'tli `ring llagain'st the flat .portion '15ofthe'f casing offset. The ring has an internaldiam'eterfcorre- ,95

sponding-tofthat ofthe neckl3fa'nd consequently "cooperatesfwith the inclined porti'on- 14 of the casing-odset -to-form an y.annular recess '35.

The sleevey28= and the yplungeljli are connected by agplurality-orsets of toggle links 36an`d :'3'7 100 preferablyvof unequal length andconnectedi-byia -pi vot pin- 38. The shorter links-36am pivotally mounted in a slotted ring 39 secured to thegsleeve and the longer links 37 are mounted infayslotted I'They Y links 36 are alhmounted @on ring 39. Thef links .#37, @are similar-ly mountedion axis of the ring mechanism unit than the pivot 42 of the longer link. The knee of the toggle is normally disposed towards the axle of the unit and is maintained in this direction through the tension of the plunger spring 32. Bending of the toggle invthis direction is limited by engagement of thefy end of the long link 37 with the sleeve 28. The link 37 is :formed with an offset 43 (Fig. 4) and the pin 38 engages the end of the oiset remote from the pivot 42. The short link 36 is formed to provide on its outer side a hook 44 adapted to enter the recess 35 (Fig. 5).

The normal position of the parts is as shown in Fig. 2 with the sleeve 28 held in 'position to prevent removal of the blocks 27,the toggle links breaking joint inwardly.

When a projectile equipped with 'the fuses-is subjected to the forces of set-back, as occurs when it is fired from a gun, the parts assume the posi-.-

tion shown in Fig. 3. The plunger has. moved V'rearwardly :as far as possible and the sleeve 28 by rotation or" the projectile the plungerV spring will act through the links to restore the vsleeve -28 to its normal position shown in Fig. 2.

When the projectile is fired from the gun it is rotated in the accepted manner. Under the in- '.fuence ofcentrifugal force the knee of the toggle links moves radially and the parts assume the relation shown in Fig. 4, with the long links 37 in a position parallel to the axis o the unit and the short links moving to afposition substantially perpendicular to the axis of theunit. The sleeve 28V connected to the short links is moved clear of the blocks 27 which under the inuence of centrifugal force move radially to the positions indicated, and free the ring pin. VWhen the plunger recovers from the inuence of the force of set-back it can be moved forwardly by its spring only, a short distance inasmuch as the extremities of the long links 37 will'engage the ring 34. Y

Referring now to Fig. 5, there is shown the position of the parts when the projectile is subjected to rotation followed by set-back, which sequence may occur during handling and transportation. Under these conditions the outward movement of the knees of the toggles as resulting from centrifugal force will cause the hooks 440i the short links 36 to enter the annular recess and prevent the sleeve 28 from moving V,rearwardly a sufficient distance to uncover the blocks 27. When the the projectile is in a state of rest after such an action the plunger spring is eiective to restore the parts to the normal position of Fig. V2.

When the firing pin has been released to armed position (Fig. 4) it is held away from the primer by its spring 23 until driven rearwardly by the striker 9 on impact, or the retardation of the projectile causes the tuber1'8 to move forward due to its own momentum in case the projectile strikes the target in such a manner that the striker 9 is not driven back. i

Iclaim. 1. A firing mechanism for a fuse embodyinga Y container, a bottom for the container having a central inturned flange, a ltube secured to the' flange and extending into the container, a primer in the bottom end of the tube, arring pin in the l upper end of the tube, a head on the firing-pin,

centrifugally releasable blocks between the ring pin head and the tube, a sleeve slidable on the tube and adapted to confine the releasable blocks, a plunger within the container, a spring normally holding the plunger in a forward position and sets of jointed links connecting the plunger and the sleeve and having first a longitudinal movement and then a radial movement with the sleeve and plunger in breaking joint whereby the sleeve is moved relative to the plunger and from its normal position confining the blocks.

'2. Aring mechanism for a fuse embodying a container, a bottom for the container having a central' inturned ilange, a tube secured to the ilange and extending into the container, a primer in the bottom end of the tube, a firing pin in the upper end of the tube, a head on the ring pin, centrifugally releasable blocks between the ring pin head Vand the tube, a sleeve slidable on the tube and adapted to confine the releasable blocks,

'a plunger within the container, a spring normally holding the plunger in a forward position and 'means connecting theplunger and sleeve for normally holding the sleeve in position to conne the blocks and operable during flight to move the sleeve from block-ccnrling position.

3. lA. ring mechanism for a fuse embodying a container, a tube axially of the container, a ring pin in the upper end of the tube, a head on the firing pin, centrifugally releasable blocks be- 1'05 'tween the ring pin head and the tube, a sleeve slidable on the tube and adapted to conne the Areleasable blocks, a plunger.within the container,

a spring normally holding'the plunger in a forward position and means connecting the plunger v and sleeve for normally holding the sleevein position to confine the blocks and operable during flight to move the sleeve'from block-confining position. .A

4. In a fuse, a containenatube within thel`15 container, an element of a firing mechanism extending into vthetube, asleeve for controlling release of said element and movable on the tube, a

plunger movable relative to the tube, a spring AVfor normally holding the plunger in a forward-imo position, sets of toggle links connecting the sleeve and plunger and normally breaking .joint intvardly, each set'consisting of a short link pivoted l on the sleeveand along link having an oiset pivoted on the plunger, the .pivot of theV short linkt 'being closerto theaxis of the tube than the pivot -of the long link,a knee pivot between the links engaging the end of the oiset of the long link remote Afrom the pivot thereof, and a hook on the short-link adapted to engage the container when" the links break joint outwardly before setting back whereby the sleeve is retained against movement `to releasing' position. 1 Y

- 5. In a fuse, a contanezgia tube'within the container, an element of a firing mechanism extendf ing'into the tube, a sleeve for controlling release of VIsaid Helementrand .movable on the tube, ka

- plunger movable relative to thetube, a spring for l'normally holding'the plunger in a forward posithe long link, a knee 'pivotv between the links engaging the end of the offset of the long link re vmote from the pivot thereof.

6; `In afuse, a container, a tube within the containenan element of a ring mechanism extending into the tube, a sleeve for controlling release of said element and movable on the tube, a plunger movable relative to the tube, a spring for normally holding the plunger in a forward position, sets of toggle links connecting the sleeve and plunger and normally breaking joint inwardly, each set consisting of a short link pivoted on the sleeve and a long link pivoted on the plunger, the pivot of the short link being closer to the axis of the tube than the pivot of the long link.

7. In a fuse, an element of a firing mechanism, a member mounted for longitudinal movement and controlling release of said element, a plunger mounted for longitudinal movement, a spring normally holding the plunger in a forward position, toggle links connecting the member and plunger, said links normally breaking joint inwardly and adapted when in set-back position to break joint outwardly under the action of centrifugal force whereby to effect movement of the member to releasing position.

8. In a fuse, an element of a firing mechanism, a member mounted for longitudinal movement and controlling release of said element, a plunger mounted for longitudinal movement, a spring normally holding the plunger in a forward position, toggle links connecting the member and plunger, said links under the action of the plunger spring normally holding the releasing member at a spaced distance from the plunger and operable under the action of centrifugal force to draw the releasing member towards the plunger to release the element of the firing mechanism.

9. In a fuse, an element of a firing mechanism, a member mounted for longitudinal movement and controlling release of said element, a plunger mounted for longitudinal movement, a spring normally holding the plunger in a forward position, toggle links connecting the member and plunger and means for limiting outward movement of the knee joint of the links except when the links are in set-back position whereby the releasing member is maintained in non-releasing i; position.

10. In a fuse, a pair of members mounted for longitudinal movement, jointed links pivotally attached to both of the members and operable upon the sequence of forces of set-back and rotation of the fuse to move the members towards one another.

11. In a fuse, a pair of members mounted for longitudinal movement, jointed links pivotally attached to both of the members and operable upon rotation of the fuse to move the members towards one another.

12. In a fuse, a pair of members mounted for longitudinal movement, jointed links pivotally attached to both of the members and having first a longitudinal movement with said members and then a radial movement in breaking joint to move the members towards one another.

13. In a fuse, a container having a main portion and an offset providing a reduced portion, a pair of members mounted forl longitudinal movement, one of said members being within the main portion of the container and the other being normally within the reduced portion, links connecting the members and operable on set-back and centrifugal force to move the member in the reduced portion into the main portion of the container, and means on one of the links movable into engagement with the offset to restrain movement of the member from the reduced'portion when the links are subjected to centrifugal force without setback.

14. In a fuse, a container having a main portion and a reduced portion, a pair of members mounted for longitudinal movement, one of said members being within the main portion of the container and the other being normally within the reduced portion, links connecting the members and operable on set-back and centrifugal force to move the member in the reduced portion into the main portion of the container.

l5. In a fuse, a base, a head on the base, a.

striker in the head, a container housed in the j fuse between the base and head, an element orY a ring mechanism mounted for movement in the container, and means within the container for controlling release of said element and including links operable upon the sequence of the forces of lset-back and rotation.

HERMANN H. ZORNIG. 

